據9月11日Kallanish Energy報道，碳中和液化天然氣(LNG)可能成為未來的趨勢，并成為未來能源組合的重要組成部分，但它可能不像聽起來那么簡單。

伍德麥肯茲亞太區天然氣和液化天然氣首席分析師露西·卡倫在Gastech峰會上表示，碳中和并不僅僅意味著貨物產生零排放，而是意味著排放是進行測量、認證和抵消的。對于應該抵消哪些排放，目前還沒有達成共識。到目前為止，已經采用了各種定義，從抵消液化天然氣貨物全生命周期排放的宏偉目標，到抵消部分價值鏈上的碳排放。

碳中和液化天然氣的長期可持續性以及減少其碳足跡的最佳方式是一個“必須解決”的挑戰。如果碳中和液化天然氣要成為主流，測量方法和標準化將是至關重要的。

殼牌和Jera是去年開始的碳中和液化天然氣交易的首批推動者之一。除了先行者的優勢外，卡倫相信，這些最初的交易為參與者提供了重要的經驗，因為世界將進入一個低碳的未來。

這位分析師表示，在液化天然氣價值鏈的某些環節設定減排目標，似乎是一條實現碳中和液化天然氣和行業廣泛采用的可行路徑。然而，買家的信心需要進一步的衡量和標準化，以及政策甚至監管來提振。卡抵消每批液化天然氣的整個生命周期的碳排放是一個雄心勃勃的目標。

伍德曼肯茲表示，在上游公司的投資組合中，液化天然氣是排放最為密集的資源之一。二氧化碳排放和液化燃料的使用是上游液化天然氣排放的主要來源。

在所有能源中，液化天然氣的排放強度排名第三，約為每一千桶液化天然氣40噸二氧化碳，僅次于油砂和重油。然而，不同液化天然氣項目的排放量也有所不同。

王佳晶 摘譯自 Kallanish Energy

原文如下：

Carbon-neutral LNG may become a future trend: WoodMac

Carbon-neutral liquefied natural gas (LNG) could become a future trend and a vital component of the future energy mix, but it may not be as straightforward as it may sound.

Wood Mackenzie’s principal analyst, Asia-Pacific Gas & LNG, Lucy Cullen told the Gastech Virtual Summit that carbon-neutral doesn’t simply mean a cargo creates zero emissions. It means emissions are measured, certified and offset, Kallanish Energy reports.

“There is no consensus yet on which emissions should be offset. Various definitions have been applied so far, ranging from ambitious objective to offset full life-cycle emissions of LNG cargoes, to offsetting part of the value chain,” she explained.

The long-term sustainability of carbon-neutral LNG and the best way to reduce its carbon footprint is a challenge “which must be addressed,” Cullen said. “Measurement methodologies and standardization will be critical if carbon-neutral LNG is to become more mainstream.”

Shell and Jera were among the first movers in the trade of carbon-neutral LNG, started last year. Apart from good news headlines and early mover advantage, Cullen believes these first deals offered participants important experience as the world moves into a lower carbon future.

The analyst said “targeting emissions reductions in certain segments of the LNG value chain seems an “achievable route to carbon-neutral LNG and wide-scale adoption in the industry.”

However, buyers’ confidence needs to be boosted with further measurement and standardization, as well as policy and even regulation. “Offsetting the entire life cycle of every LNG cargo is an ambitious goal,” Cullen said in her presentation.

According to Wood Mackenzie, LNG is one of the most emission intensive resource themes in an upstream company’s portfolio. CO2 venting and fuel use for liquefaction are the key sources of upstream LNG emissions.

LNG has the third largest emissions intensity among energy resources at around 40tCO2e/kboe, only behind oil sands and heavy oil. However, emissions vary across LNG projects.