據油氣新聞3月9日消息稱，圭亞那作為世界上最新的主要石油生產國處于獨特的地位。其它依賴石油和天然氣的產油國正在考慮能源轉型對其經濟構成的威脅。

圭亞那的石油剛剛開始商業化，有望改變該國的財富。

圭亞那的油田是巨大的。埃克森美孚及其合作伙伴赫斯和中海油于今年早些時候將黃金斯塔布魯克區塊的儲量提高了25%。我們的分析模型顯示大約60億桶石油。首次生產是在2019年12月完成的，僅僅是在最初發現的5年后。到2028年，這一分階段的開發將使日產量超過110萬桶，圭亞那將成為石油歷史上第11個達到百萬桶/天里程碑的國家。

這些石油大多是輕質油，滿足了市場對相對低碳強度液體日益增長的需求。

巨大的油田將為這個僅有80萬人口的國家帶來無數的財富。隨著產量的增加，圭亞那將崛起為石油大國。人均產量甚至將超過中東主要產油國——科威特、阿聯酋和沙特阿拉伯。

該國的經濟將發生轉變。在此十年中，該項目的年度資本支出平均每年將達到40億美元，相當于2019年的國內生產總值。大部分資金將用于圭亞那以外的生產設備，但相當大的投資將流入陸上和海上的基礎設施，以支持不斷發展的石油工業。

曹海斌 摘譯自 油氣新聞

原文如下：

Guyana: Global Oil’s New King Of The Heap

Guyana is in a unique position as the world’s newest major oil producer. Other oil- and gas-dependent producers are contemplating the threat posed by the energy transition to their economy.

Guyana’s oil, only just being commercialized, promises to transform the nation’s wealth.

Guyana’s oil fields are prodigious. ExxonMobil and its partners, Hess and CNOOC Ltd, upgraded reserves on the golden Stabroek block by 25% earlier this year. Our analysis models almost 6 billion barrels of oil. First production was achieved in December 2019, only five years after the initial discovery. The phased development will lift output to over 1.1 million barrels per day (b/d) by 2028, and Guyana will become just the 11th nation in oil’s history to reach the million b/d milestone.

These barrels are mostly light, meeting the market’s increasing need for relatively low-carbon-intensity liquids.

The giant oil fields will deliver untold riches to this nation of only 800,000 people. Guyana will, as output builds, rise to be king of the heap. Production per capita will eclipse even that of the leading Middle East producers, Kuwait, UAE and Saudi Arabia.

The country’s economy will be transformed. Annual capital expenditure on the project will average U.S.$4 billion a year this decade – the same as 2019 GDP. Much will be spent on production equipment outside Guyana, but considerable investment will flow into infrastructure onshore and offshore to support the growing oil industry.